The National Infrastructure Protection Plan stipulates that the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) coordinate preparedness activities among ransportation sector partners to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from all hazards that could affect U.S. transportation systems. TSA, with the collaboration and coordination of other Federal agencies and the surface transportation industry, created the Surface Transportation Research and development Working Group. The group’s mission is to gather and consolidate sector-directed research and development efforts from all transportation security partners. It identifies security vulnerabilities—capability gaps—and refers them to DHS Science & Technology Directorate (S&T) for further review and possible initiation of research and development projects.