This transition allowed remote control of processes and exposed industrial control systems to cyber security risks that could be exploited over the Internet. The National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center, a division of the Office of Cybersecurity and Communications within the National Protection and Programs Directorate (NPPD), is the operational arm of NPPD and is responsible for providing full-time monitoring, information sharing, analysis, and incident response capabilities to protect Federal agencies’ networks and critical infrastructure and key resources, such as industrial control systems.