The City of Oakland, incorporated in 1852, is the third largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area and serves as a major transportation hub and trade center for the entire Bay Area Region known as the East Bay. The City maintains approximately 806 miles of city streets and 225 pedestrian pathways, and has 80 miles of designated bikeways. The 2005 disaster caused significant damage to public infrastructure, including slide damage to roadways and storm drainage systems. In addition, landslide sites throughout the City required mitigation to prevent further damage to public infrastructure and to stabilize roadways and drainage systems.